基于有限元仿真的鋁合金輪轂擠壓工藝參數優(yōu)化

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中圖分類號：TG376.1 文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1001-4934（2025）03-0080-14

Optimization of aluminum alloy wheel extrusion process parameters based on finite element simulation

JIN Zefa'，YE Zhang2，HE Lijun1，ZHANGYijie2

（1. School of Materialsand New Energy，NingxiaUniversity，Yinchuan 75oo21，Ningxia，China;2. New Materials Research Institute，Dongliang AluminumCo.Ltd.，Huzhou 313ooo，Zhejiang，China）

Abstract：This article uses finite element method to explore the effects of four main extrusion process parameters， namely aluminum rod preheating temperature， mold’preheating temperature，extrusion cylinder temperature，and extrusion speed，on the outlet temperature of wheel hub profiles and the temperature of aluminum rods during the extrusion process; The optimal extrusion process parameters for wheel hub profiles were determined through orthogonal experiments and actual extrusion production conditions， which are： extrusion speed of 7. 0mm/s ，aluminum rod preheating temperature of 500. 0°C ， mold preheating temperature of 450. 0°C ，and extrusion cylinder temperature of 440. 0°C ；Finally，the mechanical properties of the wheel hub profiles produced with the initial and optimal extrusion parameters were analyzed from two aspects： grain size and precipitate phase，and the influence of microstructure under different extrusion process parameters on the final performance was analyzed. The results show that the influence of extrusion process parameters on the grain size of profiles and the influence of grain size on the mechanical properties of extruded profiles are minimal. The outlet temperature of the profile significantly affects the aging strengthening effect and the mechanical properties of the profile. The mechanical properties of the extruded profile are mainly determined by the number and size of precipitates. The smaller and more precipitates，the higher the strength.

Key words：hot extrusion; finite element simulation; orthogonal experiment; aluminum alloy; profile outlet temperature

0 引言

6082鋁合金是6系鋁合金中強度較高的一種，由于其良好的耐腐蝕性、導熱性、擠壓加工和可焊接性，被廣泛應用于交通運輸、航空航天、建筑結構件和光學儀器領域[1]。（剩余16041字）