影響孤獨(dú)癥主要照護(hù)者抑郁心理及育兒壓力因素研究

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DOI：10.16424/j.cnki.cn32-1807/r.2025.04.003

[關(guān)鍵詞]孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙；主要照護(hù)者；抑郁;育兒壓力[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)]R749.94 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-7887（2025）04-0321-06

Research on the factors of depression and parenting stress of the primary caregivers of autism spectrum*

RENJiel**，XUChunxin，LYUMei，SHENMinl，2*** （'Shanghai Rehabilitation Center forDisabled Children，Shanghai 201411; 2Shanghai Children's Medical Center，Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine） [Abstract]Objective：To investigatethedepressionand parenting stress of the primarycaregiversofautism spectrum.Methods：Self-ratingdepressionscale（SDS）and parenting stressindex-short form（PSI-SF）wereused toevaluate the psychological statusof primarycaregivers.Theautism behaviorchecklist（ABC）asesedtheseverityofabnormalbehaviorofautism.The broadautism phenotype questionnaire（BAPQ）reflected thebroader autism phenotype（BAP）of primary caregivers.Pearsonand Spearmancorelation analysis and Multile Linear Regressionanalysis wereusedforanalyzingcorrelation.Result：Thescores of ABC，and BAPQ were significantly correlated with PSI-SF and SDS（ P <0.001）.The educational level， family income and health status of the caregiverswere significantly correlated with PSI-SF and SDS（ P <0.05）. There was a correlation between PSISF and SDS（ P <0.001），and the SDS score was one of the linear factors affecting PSI-SF（ P =0.014）. Spouse，friends，children， collages，spouse'srelatives，ocial groups，school，psychologicalcounselinginstitutionarethesocial influencingfactorsof SDS and PSI-SF（ P <0.05）. Conclusion： The abnormal behavior of autism，the physical health and cognitive flexibility of primary caregiverswereinfluencingfactorsofdepressionandparentingstressoftheprimarycaregivers.Mostof theprimarycaregivers reported positiveafirmationofsocialsupport，buttheystillfacedpressionfromthesociety，suggestingtheneedformoreupport and help.

[Key words] autism spectrum disorder; primary caregiver; depression; parenting stress

孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）是復(fù)雜的神經(jīng)發(fā)育障礙性疾病，其核心癥狀主要表現(xiàn)為社會(huì)交往功能異常、興趣狹隘及刻板行為，并常伴有感知覺(jué)異常以及多動(dòng)、偏執(zhí)、攻擊等情緒行為問(wèn)題，這些核心發(fā)育行為問(wèn)題給ASD適應(yīng)社會(huì)環(huán)境以及學(xué)習(xí)日常生活照料能力帶來(lái)巨大挑戰(zhàn)，同時(shí)對(duì)長(zhǎng)期陪伴ASD的主要照護(hù)者而言也承擔(dān)著巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)及心理壓力[3。（剩余9626字）