放射性廢石墨的處理處置研究進展
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文章編號：1674-6139（2025）06-0088-06
中圖分類號：X591文獻標志碼：B
Research Progress on Treatment and Disposal of Radioactive Waste Graphite
Wen Guoyu 1，2 ，Luo Feng1，2，F(xiàn)an Chunxin1，2，Gao Ruixi1，2，Li Zhenchen 1，2 （1.The First Research Institute of China Nuclear Power Institute，Chengdu 6410o5，China; 2.Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratoryof NuclearFacility Decommissioningand Radioactive Waste Management， Nuclear Power Institute of China，Chengdu 610213，China）
Abstract：Itisofgreatsignificanceforthesustainabledevelopmentofnuclearscienceandtheprotectionoftheenvironmentto treatanddisposetheradioactivewastegraphitewhichproducedinthereactorsafelyandefectivelyHowever，therearestillany technicalandscientificproblemstobesoledinaspectoftreatmentanddisposalofradioactivewastegraphitesafely，andthreisno matureengineringcaseforreferenceinteworldThisorksystematicallintroducesthetreatment，preparationanddisposaltech niquesofadioactivewastegraphiteintheworld.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachtechnologyrouteareanalyzedintermsof economy，policyenvironmentandpublicacceptance.Althoughthetreatmentnddisposalofrdioactivewastegraphiteisetreely difcult，ithasbecomethemainstreamtrendintheworldtoeducetheadioactivitylevelofastegaphitebyvarioustreatenteans. Themethodaimstoemovelong-livedradionuclidesasmuchasposibleafterthepreparationstep，ndthenchoosedisposalstrategies accordingtolocalconditionsThisstudycanprovidesomereferencetechnicalroutesforthetreatmentanddisposalofradioactivewaste graphite and offer prospects and suggestions for the subsequent experimental researchand engineeringdevelopment.
Key words：graphite；radioactive waste；reactor decommissioning；treatment technology；disposal technology
前言
石墨作為一種在反射層、中子慢化劑和核燃料棱柱骨架中被廣泛使用的材料，隨著反應堆的退役，超過250000t的石墨成為放射性廢物的一部分。（剩余7615字）