不同基質(zhì)配方對黑木耳胞外酶活、農(nóng)藝性狀及產(chǎn)量的影響

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中圖法分類號：S646.6 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1000-2324（2025）03-0505-12

Abstract：Thecultivation substrateaffcts theextracellar enzymeactivityagronomic traits，andyieldof Auricularia auricula during its growthand development.To investigate the effectsof diferent substrate formulations on these parameters，common wood species from Guizhou—Fagus longipetiolata，Broussonetia papyrifera，Bothrocaryum controversum，and Betula luminifera—are selectedandcombined into15 formulations for cultivatingA.auricula.The activitiesoflignindegradingenzymesystem，cellulose degrading enzymesystemand hemicelulose degrading enzyme systemare determined at different mycelial development stages，along with theagronomic traits and yieldof fruiting bodies，following bycorrelation （P<0.05） and principal component analysis of each indicator.Acomprehensive evaluation of each formulation is conducted using the membership function method.The resultsshow that different formulations

affecthe extracelllarenzymeactivity.Additionally，theactivitywithin thesame enzymesystem exhibit significant positivecorrlationsacrossdiferent growth stagesandamong different enzymes.Furthermore，multipleagronomic traits alsoshow significant positivecorelations.Significant differences are observed inagronomic traitsand yield among different formulations：ear length（ （66.99～101.72mm ），earwidth（ 36.28～98.95mm ，earthickness （1.34～1.96mm ） elasticity （0.75～3.00Pa ），rehydration rate （5.10～14.90% ），fresh yield perbag（47.00＼～189.00） g），dryyield per bag （5.00- 24.00g） ，andbiologicalefficiency（ .Finally，through comprehensive analysis usingthe membership function metod，formulatios2，4，8，9，10，11，2，3，and14demonstratesuperiorityovertheconrol.Cosideringte cultivationcosts，the yieldand theoutput valueofA.auricula，formulation 9is ultimately selectedas the most costeffective option.

Keywords：Auricularia auricula; formulation; enzyme activity;agronomic traits; yield

黑木耳（Auriculariaauricula）又名樹菌、木菌、木耳，由菌絲體和子實體兩部分組成，其子實體富含多糖、多酚等活性物質(zhì)，具有抗凝血[]、抗氧化[4]、降血糖[5]、降血脂[]、免疫調(diào)節(jié)[7]、腸道菌群調(diào)節(jié)[8]和其他生物活性[9]，是我國著名的“山珍”之一，享有“黑色瑰寶”、“素中之鶯”等的美譽[10]，它是一種重要的食用和藥用蘑菇[]。（剩余14064字）