蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)驗(yàn)”與新中國(guó)成立初期中央計(jì)劉部門(mén)的創(chuàng)建

[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)]D232；K275 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼］A［文章編號(hào)]1003-3815（2025）-02-0095-16

The“Soviet Experience” and the Establishment of Central Planning Departments in the EarlyYears of thePeople’sRepublicof China

Chen Li

Abstract： In the early years of the People's Republic of China，asignificant number offormerpersonnel from the Nationalist government's Resources Commisson were incorporated into the newly established central planning departments.This phenomenon led some later researchers to argue that there was a degree of historical“continuity” between the old and new regimes in terms of building a planned economic system，suggesting that China’s planed economy originated more from the“Republican legacy”than from the“Soviet experience.”However，a historical examination of the establishment of the PRC’s central planning organs reveals the complex nature of the “Soviet experience.”The CPC’s personnel appointments in the Planning Bureau experienced a change from “Party memberization”to a model of“coexistence between the old and new cadres.”However，this transitional arrangement did not steer thePRC toward thedevelopment of a planned economy.Instead，itultimately prompted the CPC to establish the State Planning Commission with a fundamentally different personnel composition.

對(duì)于新中國(guó)建立計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)的歷程，毛澤東曾有過(guò)一段“照搬說(shuō)”的經(jīng)典敘述：“全國(guó)解放后，一九五○年至一九五七年，在經(jīng)濟(jì)工作和文教工作中產(chǎn)生了教條主義經(jīng)濟(jì)工作中的教條主義，主要表現(xiàn)在重工業(yè)工作、計(jì)劃工作、銀行工作和統(tǒng)計(jì)工作方面，特別是重工業(yè)和計(jì)劃方面，因?yàn)槲覀儾欢?，完全沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，橫豎自己不曉得，只好搬我們對(duì)蘇聯(lián)和中國(guó)的情況都不了解。（剩余20277字）